(mysql.info.gz) Case sensitivity
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A.5.1 Case Sensitivity in Searches
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By default, MySQL searches are not case sensitive (although there are
some character sets that are never case insensitive, such as `czech').
This means that if you search with `COL_NAME LIKE 'a%'', you will get
all column values that start with `A' or `a'. If you want to make this
search case sensitive, make sure that one of the operands is a binary
string. You can do this with the `BINARY' operator. Write the
condition as either `BINARY COL_NAME LIKE 'a%'' or `COL_NAME LIKE
BINARY 'a%''.
If you want a column always to be treated in case-sensitive fashion,
declare it as `BINARY'. `CREATE TABLE' CREATE TABLE.
Simple comparison operations (`>=, >, =, <, <=', sorting, and grouping)
are based on each character's "sort value." Characters with the same
sort value (such as `E', `e', and `e'') are treated as the same
character.
If you are using Chinese data in the so-called `big5' encoding, you
want to make all character columns `BINARY'. This works because the
sorting order of `big5' encoding characters is based on the order of
ASCII codes. As of MySQL 4.1, you can explicitly declare that a column
should use the `big5' character set:
CREATE TABLE t (name CHAR(40) CHARACTER SET big5);
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